颈部三角吻合术在微创食管切除术中的应用

目的：评价三角吻合术在微创食管切除、食管胃颈部吻合术中应用的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2014年3月在复旦大学附属中山医院胸外科接受胸腹腔镜食管癌根治切除加食管胃颈部吻合术的137例患者的临床资料,其中三角吻合77例（三角吻合组）,管状吻合60例（管状吻合组）。结果三角吻合组和管状吻合组术中吻合时间分别为（18．0±3．9） min 和（17．0±2．9） min,差异无统计学意义（P＝0．099）;术后吻合口瘘发生率分别为3．9％（3/77）和10．0％（6/60）,差异无统计学差异（P＝0．152）;吻合口狭窄发生率分别为1．3％（1/77）和15．0％（9/60）,差异有统计学意义（P＝0．002）。两组患者在围手术期死亡率、心血管并发症、肺部并发症等方面的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论颈部三角吻合术是一种安全、有效的吻合方法,可以降低术后吻合口狭窄的发生。     

完全腹腔镜全胃切除胃癌根治术消化道重建方式的探讨

与腹腔镜辅助的胃癌根治术相比较,完全腹腔镜胃癌根治术在全腔镜下行消化道重建,切口更小,拥有更佳的观察和操作视野,且对于病灶较大、位置较高及肥胖患者仍然适用。近期,一些学者进行了全腹腔镜下胃癌根治术消化道重建方式的尝试,但何种术式更佳尚存在诸多争议。本文综述了目前全腹腔镜全胃切除胃癌根治术腔内吻合方式的进展,着重于介绍其重建技巧及适应证。目前报道的全腹腔镜全胃切除胃癌根治术行消化道重建均是采用食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合,而实现食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合的重建技术各有利弊。术者应根据肿瘤位置、食管管径大小及个人特长等情况选择,以期患者最大获益。     

Ultrapure alginate anti-adhesion gel does not impair colon anastomotic strength

Background

Ultrapure alginate gel is promising in terms of adhesion prevention. Because anti-adhesive barriers have been shown to disturb healing of bowel anastomoses, the effect of ultrapure alginate gel on the repair of colon anastomoses was studied.

Materials and methods

In 102 male Wistar rats, a 0.5-cm segment was resected from the descending colon and continuity was restored by an inverted single-layer end-to-end anastomosis. Animals were randomized into a control, an alginate gel, and a sodium hyaluronate carboxymethyl cellulose film group, each n = 34. Half of each group was sacrificed at day 3 and 7 postoperatively. Anastomotic strength was assessed by measuring both bursting pressure and breaking strength. Hydroxyproline content was measured and histologic analysis was performed. The incidence of adhesion and abscess formation was scored at sacrifice.

Results

No difference in either anastomotic-bursting pressure or breaking strength was found between experimental groups and the controls at any time point. Both the incidence of adhesion formation (35% versus 71%, P = 0.007) and the adhesion score (0.38 versus 0.79, P = 0.009) were significantly lower in the alginate gel group than in the controls. The abscess rate was higher (46% versus 18%, P = 0.030) in the hyaluronate carboxymethyl cellulose group than in the controls and unchanged in the alginate gel group.

Conclusions

While reducing adhesion formation, ultrapure alginate gel does not interfere with the development of colonic anastomotic strength during the crucial early healing period.     

A nickel–titanium memory-shape device for gastrojejunostomy: comparison of the compression anastomosis clip and a hand-sewn anastomosis

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a compression anastomosis clip (CAC) for gastrojejunostomy and comparison of a novel technique with a hand-sewn anastomosis.

Methods

Sixty-six patients underwent gastrojejunostomy with the CAC or hand-sewn anastomosis. The time of bowel function recovery, the duration of nasogastric drainage, the time of initiation of oral feeding, the duration of postoperative hospital stay, the time needed to expel the clip, and the observation of any complications were recorded.

Results

Neither group had anastomotic complications such as leakage or obstruction. Anastomosis time was shorter in the CAC group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The mean time of clip expulsion was 15.1 ± 6.04 d. There was no statistical difference in postoperative results between the two groups. There was a moderate positive correlation between the day of first bowel movement and the day of clip expulsion (r = 0.536) and a strong correlation between the duration of nasogastric drainage and the day of clip expulsion (r = 0.881).

Conclusions

The method of using a CAC appeared to be safe, easy, inexpensive, and less time consuming. It should be taken into consideration that intra-abdominal complications may cause delayed CAC expulsion.     

The effects of iloprost on colonic anastomotic healing in rats under obstructive ileus conditions

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iloprost, on colonic anastomotic healing in rats, under obstructive ileus conditions.

Materials and methods

Eighty male Albino rats were randomized into four groups of 20 animals each. They underwent colonic resection followed by an inverted anastomosis. The rats of group 1 (control) and group 2 (ileus) received 3 mL of saline 0.9% intraperitoneally and those of group 3 (iloprost), and group 4 (ileus + iloprost) iloprost (2 μg/kg of body weight), immediately postoperatively and daily until the day of sacrifice. Each group was further divided into two equal subgroups, depending on the day of sacrifice. The animals of subgroup “a” were sacrificed on the fourth postoperative day, whereas those of “b” on the eighth day. Macroscopic and histologic assessment was performed, whereas anastomotic bursting pressures and the tissue concentrations in hydroxyproline and collagenase I were evaluated.

Results

Means of bursting pressure, neoangiogenesis, fibroblast activity, and hydroxyproline concentration were significantly increased in group 4 compared with group 2. In addition, on the fourth postoperative day, the inflammatory cell infiltration and the collagenase I concentration were significantly decreased in group 4 compared with group 2. Moreover, on the eighth postoperative day, collagen deposition was significantly increased in group 4 compared with group 2.

Conclusions

Iloprost after intraperitoneal administration reverses the negative effect of obstructive ileus. It promotes not only the angiogenic activity but also collagen formation, resulting in increased bursting pressures on the fourth and eighth postoperative days.     

全胃切除术后消化道重建方式的系统评价和Meta分析

目的：通过比较空肠造袋与否及十二指肠的利用与否探讨全胃切除术后最佳的消化道重建方式。 方法：检索相关的全胃切除术后消化道重建方式的随机对照临床试验（RCT）的文献,对纳入的研究行系统评价或Meta分析。 结果：9篇关于Roux-en-Y术后空肠造袋与否的RCT以及4篇关于空肠造袋的Roux-en-Y术与空肠造袋的空肠间置术比较的RCT被纳入Meta分析;此外,关于单纯的Roux-en-Y术后与空肠间置术后的2篇RCT、空肠间置术后造袋与否的2篇RCT未行Meta分析,但结果以描述性的形式给出。分析结果显示,与不造袋者比较,空肠造袋在不增加患者的围手术期病死率、围手术期并发症的发生率等的同时,倾倒综合征、烧灼感等术后消化道症状的发生率明显降低,食物吸收明显改善,患者生存质量也得到提高（均P<0.05）。与十二指肠不利用者比较,无论单纯的利用十二指肠还是在空肠造袋的基础上利用十二指肠均未发现证据表明其在改善术后消化道症状、提高患者生存质量等方面存在优势（均P>0.05）。 结论：空肠造袋是全胃切除术后有效的消化道重建方式,但是对十二指肠的利用尚未发现优势。     

Blood bezoar causing obstruction after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

INTRODUCTION

Bowel obstruction is a known complication after bariatric surgery especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The known etiologies include internal hernia, jejunojejunostomy stricture, ileus, intussusceptions, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, incarcerated port site hernia, and adhesions. Blood bezoar is a rare cause of small intestinal obstruction after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

We are going to present two cases of small bowel obstruction after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass due to blood bezoar.

DISCUSSION

Blood clot as the etiology of small bowel obstruction after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is an unusual event. In the presence of postoperative small intestinal obstruction an obstructive blood bezoar should be in differential diagnosis. As any other etiology of postoperative obstruction it should be treated immediately to prevent its adverse lethal complications.

CONCLUSION

The best way for prevention of blood bezoar is prevention of bleeding at staple line and doing hemostasis at stapler line.